Bypass pipes, accompanied by a three-way control valve, are often seen in hydronic systems at both served loads (e.g., reheat coils) as well as at primary equipment (e.g., cooling towers). Reasons for ...

Ordinarily, if you want liquid to flow in only one direction through a pipe, that pipe needs to be equipped with a flap-type valve – which could fail. Now, however, scientists have created a new type ...

A series of experiments were conducted to investigate flow pattern transitions and concentration distribution during simultaneous pipe flow of oil–water two-phase flow through the horizontal and ...

Flows through pipes and hydraulic networks are generally turbulent and the friction losses encountered in these flows are responsible for approximately 10% of the global electric energy consumption.

If one looks at many practical fluid flows, either around bodies (flow of air over an airplane wing) or through conduits, (flow through pipes), the problem of turbulence presents itself in almost ...

Scientists have assumed that once a flow of a fluid has become turbulent, turbulence would persist. Researchers at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), including Professor ...

Introduction Every modern building—whether residential, commercial, or industrial depends on a complex network of pipes that ...