A cost-effective capacitive sensor system, SEN0193, was ruggedised, calibrated, and evaluated in both laboratory and field settings to assess sensor-to-sensor variability resulting from sensor ...

Water is the major resource for achieving and retaining high crop yields in irrigated agriculture. The increasing use of water for industrial, domestic, and recreational purposes 1 and climate change ...

Accurate measurement of soil NO₃⁻-N is essential for precision fertilization and stable crop yields. Real-time monitoring of NO₃⁻-N has long been a challenge in agriculture. Conventional soil nutrient ...

Plants do not just grow—they signal. From the subtle moisture shifts in soil to the faint electrical rhythms coursing through leaves and stems, botanical sensors are turning greenery into living data ...