The Russian army is increasingly relying on artillery supplies from North Korea. The transfer of North Korean M1978 Koksan self-propelled artillery systems to Russia is a testament to this, states the head of the National Security and Defense Council's Center for Countering Disinformation,

Russia is increasingly dependent on North Korean military supplies, with over half of its ammunition sourced from Pyongyang, as reported by the CCD.

Kyrylo Budanov, head of Ukraine’s Main Intelligence Directorate, said North Korea’s assistance will bolster Russia’s long-range fire capabilities in Kursk Oblast and on the Ukrainian front, but he does not expect many new ground combat units.

He noted that North Korean ammunition accounts for a significant portion of Russian artillery supplies. In general, more than 50% of artillery shells and mines used on the front are sourced from the DPRK, with some areas seeing this figure exceed 70%, Kovalenko said.

It will mostly be missile and artillery troops who typically operate hundreds of tubed and rocket artillery systems as well as the KN-23 short-range ballistic missiles Pyongyang has already provided Moscow,

Budanov also noted that over the past three months, North Korea has supplied Russia with about 120 units of M1989 Koksan 170-mm self-propelled artillery systems and 120 units of M-1991 240-mm multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS), and is likely to send at least as many more in the future.

South Korea’s military says it suspects North Korea is preparing to send additional troops to Russia after its soldiers already deployed on the Russian-Ukraine war fronts suffered heavy casualties

Lt. Gen. Kyrylo Budanov said North Korea has already provided Russia with 120 self-propelled artillery guns and 120 multiple-launch rocket systems, with more to come.